Atrium Health PINK DAY: How to do a breast self-exam in 5 steps

CHARLOTTE — Early detection is key in beating breast cancer. Women should have regular clinical breast examinations by a trained medical professional, schedule mammograms as recommended by their provider and perform monthly self-breast exams.

Here’s how you can perform a self-exam in five steps, according to breastcancer.org:

1. Look at your breasts in the mirror with your shoulders straight and your arms on your hips

Look for:

Breasts that are their usual size, shape and color
Breasts that are evenly shaped without visible distortion or swelling

If you see any of the following changes, bring them to your doctor’s attention:

Dimpling, puckering or bulging of the skin
A nipple that has changed position or an inverted nipple (pushed inward instead of sticking out)
Redness, soreness, rash or swelling

2. Raise your arms and look for the same changes

3. Look for any signs of fluid coming out of one or both nipples

4. Feel your breasts while lying down, using your right hand to feel your left breast and then your left hand to feel your right breast

Use a firm, smooth touch with the first few finger pads of your hand, keeping the fingers flat and together. Use a circular motion, about the size of a quarter.

Cover the entire breast from top to bottom, side to side — from your collarbone to the top of your abdomen, and from your armpit to your cleavage.

Follow a pattern to be sure that you cover the whole breast. You can begin at the nipple, moving in larger and larger circles until you reach the outer edge of the breast. You can also move your fingers up and down vertically, in rows, as if you were mowing a lawn. This up-and-down approach seems to work best for most women. Be sure to feel all the tissue from the front to the back of your breasts: for the skin and tissue just beneath, use light pressure; use medium pressure for tissue in the middle of your breasts; use firm pressure for the deep tissue in the back. When you’ve reached the deep tissue, you should be able to feel down to your ribcage.

5. Feel your breasts while you are standing or sitting

Many women find that the easiest way to feel their breasts is when their skin is wet and slippery, so they like to do this step in the shower. Cover your entire breast, using the same hand movements described in step 4.

(WATCH: What You Need To Know About Breast Cancer)